Environmental Law Institute
  United Nations Environment ProgrammeUniversity of TokyoCommission on Environmental Law

"The environment and natural resources are crucial in consolidating peace within and between war-torn societies... Protecting the environment can help countries create employment opportunities, promote development and avoid a relapse into armed conflict."

—United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon

 

The Environmental Law Institute (ELI), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), University of Tokyo, and Specialist Group on Armed Conflict and the Environment of the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN’s) Commission on Environmental Law are developing an edited volume that identifies lessons learned in managing natural resources to facilitate the transition to peace. The edited volume will seek to inform the work of the newly established UN Peacebuilding Commission, as well as other institutions working in this field.

This project highlights both successful and problematic examples, contrasts the approaches and contexts of the various experiences, identifies lessons learned across experiences, and develops a roadmap for next steps in strengthening post-conflict natural resource management. Some case studies focus on particular issues (e.g., land reform or delivery of water services) in a specific post-conflict context, while other case studies examine the management of natural resources more broadly following a particular conflict. In addition, the volume includes chapters that examine cross-cutting themes, such as the role of natural resources in peace agreements, land tenure, water, and governance. Steering Committee members who are coordinating the process are Carl Bruch, David Jensen, Mikiyasu Nakayama, and Jon Unruh.

For a copy of the updated Authors' Guidance, click here.

The following working Table of Contents provides links to chapter abstracts and authors’ biographies:

Strengthening Post-Conflict Peacebuilding through Natural Resource Management

Table of Contents

VOLUME 1: SYNTHESIS

VOLUME 2: LAND (edited by Jon Unruh)

Land Tenure and Natural Resource Management in Post-Conflict Societies
Jon Unruh, McGill University (U.S.A./Canada)
Land and Natural Resource Management in East Timor: Role of Customary Law in Post-Conflict Recovery and Peace-Building Process
Naori Miyazawa, UN-OPS (Japan)
Land Tenure and Peace Agreements in Post-Conflict Societies: The Case of Autonomous Region of Muslims in Mindanao, Philippines
Yuri Oki (Japan)
Land Issues in Cambodia
Manami Sekiguchi, University of Tokyo (Japan)
Naomi Hatsukano, Japan External Trade Organization (Japan)
Post-Conflict Land and Water Reform in the Kurdish Region of Iraq
Nesreen Barwari, Former Minister of Municipalities & Public Works (Iraq)
Land Tenure Reform in Afghanistan
David Stansfield, Terra Institute (U.S.A.)
Post-Conflict Land Tenure Reform in Bosnia
Rhodri C. Williams, Åland Islands Peace Institute (U.S.A./Finland)
Land Tenure and Post-Conflict Reconciliation in Angola
Allan Cain, Development Workshop (Canada/Angola)
Land Reform in Post-Conflict Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua)
Alexandre Corriveau-Bourque, McGill University (Canada)

 

VOLUME 3: HIGH-VALUE RESOURCES (edited by Mikiyasu Nakayama)

Forestry Resources

Leveraging High Value Natural Resources to Engage Stakeholders in Industry Reform: The Liberia Forestry Initiative’s Role in Liberia’s Transition to Stability
Stephanie Altman, ELI (U.S.A./Liberia)
Sandra S. Nichols, ELI (U.S.A.)
John Woods, Forest Development Authority (Liberia)
Post-Conflict Peacebuilding Trajectories: Comparing Forest Politics in Sierra Leone and Liberia
Michael Beevers, University of Maryland (U.S.A.)
Local Peace Building and Conflict Transformation in Nepal through Community Forestry and Forest User Groups
Tina Sanio (Germany)
Binod Chapagain (Nepal)
Sustainable Management of Forestry Resources in Sudan
Joseph Bartel, United Nations Environment Programme (Sudan)

Mining

Mining in Sierra Leone
Kazumi Kawamoto, University of Tokyo (Japan)
The Right Interventions? Donors in the DRC Mining Sector
Nicholas Garrett, Freie Universität Berlin (UK/Germany)
Koen Vlassenroot, University of Ghent (Netherlands)

Oil and Gas

Post-Conflict Management of Oil and Natural Gas in Aceh
Mayumi Suzuki, Japan International Cooperation Center (Japan)

 

VOLUME 4: LIVELIHOODS

The Role of Livelihood Natural Resources in Conflict and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding
Lisa Goldman, Environmental Law Institute (U.S.A.)
Brianna Menke, Duke University (U.S.A.)
Cattle, Land, and Grazing in the Turkana-Karamoja Cluster (Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia)
Patricia Kameri-Mbote, University of Nairobi (Kenya)
Charcoal, Bananas, Fisheries, and Conflict in Somalia—The Plenty of the Insecure
Christian Webersik, United Nations University (U.S.A.)
Alec Crawford, International Institute for Sustainable Development (Canada)
Rosie Sharpe, Global Witness (UK)
The Joint Management of Natural Resources as a Way of Managing the Ivorian Civil Conflict
Yacouba Savadogo, MInistry of Environment (Burkina Faso)
Abraham Gadji (Côte d'Ivoire)
Patrice Talla Takoukam, World Bank (Cameroon)
Conflict and Protected Areas of International Significance
Alexander Gillespie, University of Waikato (New Zealand)
Gorilla Eco-tourism Generating Wealth and Peace in Post-Conflict Societies (DRC, Rwanda, and Uganda)
Miko Maekawa, United Nations Development Programme (Japan)
Natural Resources in Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR)
Glaucia Boyer, United Nations Development Programme
Lessons Learned in Employing Demobilized Combatants as Park Rangers in Mozambique
Matthew Pritchard, McGill University (Canada)
Post-Conflict Natural Resource Management in Aceh
Gill Green, McGill University (Canada)
Lessons Learned on Environmental Governance in Afghanistan
Asif Zaidi, United Nations Environment Programme (Pakistan)
Belinda Bowling, United Nations Environment Programme

Water

Shoring up Peace: Sustainable Water Management in Post-Conflict Societies
Jessica Troell, Environmental Law Institute (U.S.A.)
Erika Weinthal, Duke University (U.S.A.)
Lessons of Water Resource Management and Agricultural Productivity: A Case Study of Japanese Irrigation Water Projects after World War II
Mikiko Sugiura, University of Tokyo, (Japan)
Yuka Toguchi, University of Tokyo (Japan)
Post-Conflict Management of the Indus River System: India, Pakistan, and their Water Disputes
Neda A. Zawahri, Cleveland State University (Jordan/U.S.A.)

 

VOLUME 5: RESTORATION, REMEDIATION, AND RECONSTRUCTION (edited by David Jensen)

Waste Management in Palestine
Itzchak Kornfeld, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Israel)
Restoration of Damaged Land in Post-Conflict Societies: The Case of Lebanon
Aida Chammas (Lebanon)
Marshland Restoration in Iraq
Chizuru Aoki, United Nations Environment Programme (Japan)
The United Nations Compensation Commission and the 1990-1991 Gulf War: The Role of Natural Resources in International Reconciliation (Iraq/Kuwait)
Cymie Payne, University of California-Berkeley (U.S.A.)
Making Best Use of Domestic Energy Sources: Priority Production System for Coal Mining in Post World War II Japan
Mikiyasu Nakayama, University of Tokyo (Japan)

 

VOLUME 6: GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTIONS (edited by Carl Bruch)

The Role of Natural Resource Management in Reducing the Risk of Conflict Recurrence
Christian Webersik, United Nations University (U.S.A./Japan)
Marc Levy, Columbia University (U.S.A.)

Formal Institutions

Review of UNEP Post-Conflict Assessment Experiences
David Jensen, United Nations Environment Programme (Canada/Switzerland)
Ken Conca, University of Maryland (U.S.A.)
Mitigating Natural Resource Conflicts through Development Projects: Some Lessons from World Bank Experience
Sandra Ruckstuhl, World Bank (U.S.A)
Per Wam, World Bank (Norway)
The Role of the Military in Managing Natural Resources in Peace Support Operations and Post-Conflict Societies
Annica Waleij, Swedish Defense Research Agency (Sweden)
Timothy Bosetti, U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (U.S.A.)
Russ Doran, United Nations Department of Field Service
Birgitta Liljedahl, Swedish Defense Research Agency (Sweden)
Natural Resources and Peacekeeping Operations
Natalie Ashworth, Global Witness (UK)
Lance Lattig, Global Witness (U.S.A.)
Military-Military Engagement on Environment and Natural Disasters: Lessons Learned for Post-Conflict Peacebuilding
Geoff Dabelko, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (U.S.A.)

Informal Institutions

Gender Dimensions
Njeri Karuru, United Nations Environment Programme (Kenya)
Gender and Natural Resource Management in Post-Conflict Aceh
Safi Laikani, United Nations Development Programme
Transboundary Environmental Cooperation in the Virungas (DRC, Rwanda, Uganda)
Johannes Refisch, United Nations Environment Programme (Germany)
Anne Hammill, International Institute for Sustainable Development (Canada)

Tools and Approaches

How the Use of Economic Analysis of Environmental Degradation Can Influence a Policy Processes: An Experience from Rwanda
Louise Wrist Sorensen, United Nations Environment Programme (Denmark)
The Role of Environmental Law in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding
Mishkat Al Moumin, Former Minister of Environment (Iraq)

Confidence Building

Preparing for Peace: Integration of Natural Resource Management in Programming Ahead of Peace: Lessons Learned in Darfur
Brendan Bromwich, United Nations Environment Programme (UK/Sudan)
Margie Buchanan-Smith, United Nations Environment Programme (UK)
The Role of Natural Resources in Peace Agreements
Simon Mason, Center for Security Studies, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)
Environmental Governance and Peace-Building in Post-Conflict Central America, 1980-1996
Matthew Wilburn, CDR Associates (U.S.A.)
Peacebuilding and Peace Parks following the Peru-Ecuador Border War
Jorge Caillaux, Soceidad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental (Peru)
Yolanda Kakabadze (Ecuador)
A River that Ran Through It: Peace-Building on the Sava River in Post-Conflict Former Yugoslavia
Stephen Stec, Central European University (U.S.A./Hungary)

Emerging Challenges

Climate Change and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding
Richard Matthew, UC-Irvine (U.S.A.)
Anne Hammill, International Institute for Sustainable Development (Canada)

 

 

quote Where resource exploitation has driven war, or served to impede peace, improving governance capacity to control natural resources is a critical element of peacebuilding. unquote -- Carolyn McAskie, UN Assistant Secretary-General for Peacebuilding Support
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