This study identifies the structural and management prerequisites for sound integrated environmental compliance programs. Integrated compliance programs require unified planning and management of compliance activities and rely on targeted, priority-based problem solving. Integrated compliance programs also use the full range of compliance tools such as inspections, enforcement, compliance assistance, and leadership incentives, and require careful evaluation to determine which tools produce the most effective results for solving various types of environmental problems. These integrated strategies are critical for state environmental agencies to effectively address our nation`s current environmental problems, particularly given their increasingly severe funding constraints.